Enslavement between Worlds: Manuel Zapata’s Many Captive Mobilities

Black Africans who were forcibly transported across the Atlantic Ocean experienced myriad forms of coercion alongside Middle Passage. This article centres on mobilities Manuel Francisco Zapata, a man Wolof descent, born and raised Muslim in Meknes, Morocco. Captured enslaved by Spanish, he lived for several years Seville, was then trafficked to Cartagena de Indias Panama City before being tried Inquisition ‘Apostatic, Judaic propositions.’ His life narrative allows glimpse multiplicity captive mobilities—coerced movement through military labour, capture, imprisonment, trans-Atlantic voyage, arrest, exile—that endured. Captivity move central condition enslavement.